The kidneys remove waste and regulate some chemicals in the blood. When they stop working, these substances build up in the blood, which can cause symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, extreme fatigue, and confusion (uremic syndrome). Dialysis is an effective treatment that can help maintain quality of life for many people with chronic kidney failure or end-stage renal disease. It cannot reverse or cure these conditions, but it can prevent serious complications such as heart and pulmonary disease.
There are 2 types of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis uses a machine called a dialyzer to filter your blood. It is performed at a dialysis center three times a week, lasting approximately 4 hours each time. You need a special type of access to your body (such as a vein in your arm) for this treatment.
Hemodialysis treatment can be very tiring, and it is not a cure for kidney failure or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Individuals with kidney disease must carefully plan their diet, stay hydrated, and follow the guidelines of their dialysis center and healthcare providers to maintain their health.
People who have peritoneal dialysis have a tube inserted into the lining of their abdomen. A special solution called a dialysate is then pumped into this space to draw out the toxins and drain them away. A catheter is connected to this tube. This process is repeated several times a day, and the used dialysate is thrown away (exchanged). Like hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis can make you tired. It may also cause pain and a swelling condition called peritonitis.